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I. A. Richard's : Figurative Language

Figurative Language - I. A. Richards

                   

I.A.Richards was an influential English literary critic and rhetorical. Richards is regularly considered one of the contemporary study of literature in English. Richards life and influence can be divided into period, which correspond roughly to his intellectual interest. Richards is often labeled as the father of the “new criticism”, largely because of the influence of his first two books of critical theory. I.A.Richards is at one with the new criticism in his stress on close textual and verbal stud of a poem.
                     According to Richards there are three objective to write, ‘The Practical criticism’.
·     To introduce a new kind of documentation.
·     To provide new Technique.
·     To prepare the why for educational method.
 In  his methodology, a lot of importance is given to the “words”. Richards provide the theoretical foundations on which the technique of verbal was built.

                   According to I.A.Richards language can be used in two ways, the scientific use and the emotive one. Two uses of Language shows the scientific way is precise, clear and matter of fact, but in poetry, one can make use of fiction and the author says that truth in a work of art means only the internal necessity or rightness of the work of art.

                      According to him the poets writes to communicate, and language is the means of that communication language is made of words and hence a study of words is all important it the meaning of work of art is understood.

 He mainly talks about four kinds of misunderstandings.

 1. Misunderstanding of the sense of poetry : careless, intuitive reading.

 2. Over literal reading : prosaic reading

 3. Defective scholarship : inappropriate metaphor

 4. Difference in meaning of the words in poetry and Prose ( personification and metaphor etc...)

 Example :-

 Jalte diye song from movie Prem Ratan Dhan Payo.

                  
           

 सुनते हैं जब प्यार हो तो
दिए जल उठते हैं
तन में, मन में और नयन में
दिए जल उठते हैं

 We've heard when one is in love
Candles begin to flame
In the body, I the heart and in the eyes
Candles begin to light

आजा पिया आजा, आजा पिया आजा हो
आजा पिया आजा, तेरे ही तेरे लिए जलते दिए
बेपानी तेरे साए में साए में
जिंदगानी बिताई तेरे साए में साए में

Come beloved come
Come beloved come ho..
Don't go beloved don't go
Only for you, flaming candles
I want to spend in your shadow, in your shadow
I want to spend my life in your shadow, in your shadow
  
             This whole song is full of create the misunderstanding because anybody  who fall in love that candles can't begin to flame and also never body, heart and eyes candles begin to light. We can see that personification with herat, eyes and body with candles. 

So, here we can find that this song is an inappropriate metaphor and used many things as they became never possible. So I A Richard's create this essay how language was used it and create misunderstanding.

◾ Thank you..!!! 

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